Benzodiazepines are a class of psychoactive drugs primarily used for their sedative, anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), anticonvulsant, and muscle-relaxant properties. Common examples include alprazolam (Xanax), diazepam (Valium), and lorazepam (Ativan).
Key Points:
- Mechanism of Action: Enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter GABA, which calms neuronal activity.
- Uses: Short-term relief of severe anxiety, insomnia, seizures, and alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
- Risks & Side Effects:
- Risk of dependence, tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms with long-term use.
- Can cause drowsiness, dizziness, and impaired coordination.
- Guidelines: Often prescribed for short-term or as-needed basis due to dependence risks; long-term use should be carefully monitored.
