Psychosis is a condition where an individual loses touch with reality. It may include delusions (fixed false beliefs) and/or hallucinations (sensory experiences without external stimuli). Psychosis can occur in schizophrenia, severe mood disorders, substance-induced states, and certain medical conditions.
Key Points:
- Symptoms: Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech or behavior, possible paranoia, and difficulty distinguishing real from unreal.
- Causes: Biological factors (e.g., dopamine imbalance), stress, genetics, substance abuse (e.g., methamphetamine, hallucinogens), and medical illnesses (e.g., delirium, CNS infections).
- Early Warning Signs: Social withdrawal, odd beliefs, perceptual disturbances, or paranoid thinking.
- Treatment: Antipsychotic medications, psychosocial interventions (e.g., CBT for psychosis, family psychoeducation), and supportive services.
