Rumination involves persistently dwelling on negative thoughts, past events, or problems without actively moving toward a solution. It is often linked to depression and anxiety, exacerbating feelings of helplessness.
Key Points:
- Types:
- Brooding: Passive and negative focus on problems or losses.
- Reflection: More problem-solving oriented, though it can still become unproductive if prolonged.
- Consequences: Heightened stress, impaired concentration, difficulty sleeping, and increased risk of mental health issues.
- Interventions: Mindfulness-based therapies, cognitive-behavioral techniques (e.g., thought-stopping), scheduling “worry time,” and teaching problem-solving skills.
